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Legal Guide

NYC Local Law 144

Automated Employment Decision Tools | Complete Legal Breakdown with Official Citations

Effective: July 5, 2023
Status: Currently Enforced
Penalties: $500-$1,500/violation

Table of Contents

Overview

NYC Local Law 144 regulates the use of Automated Employment Decision Tools (AEDTs) in hiring and promotion decisions. It requires annual independent bias audits, public disclosure of audit results, and candidate notifications. Currently enforced with active penalties for non-compliance.

Official Citation

NYC Administrative Code § 20-870 et seq.

View Official Law Text

Key Facts

Effective Date
July 5, 2023
Currently enforced
Jurisdiction
New York City
Hiring/promotion in NYC
Enforcement
NYC DCWP
Department of Consumer and Worker Protection
Penalties
$500-$1,500 per violation
Per instance of non-compliance

Who This Law Applies To

Geographic Scope

Citation: NYC Admin. Code § 20-870 et seq.

Applies to:
  • Employers with offices in NYC
  • Employment agencies operating in NYC
  • Remote positions IF associated with a NYC office

In Plain English: If you're hiring for a job in NYC, or considering NYC employees for promotion, this law applies to you.

What's Covered

✅ Covered:
  • • Hiring decisions
  • • Promotion decisions
  • • Resume screening
  • • Interview assessments
❌ Not Covered:
  • • General HR processes
  • • Performance reviews
  • • Candidate outreach
  • • Scheduling tools

Key Definitions

Automated Employment Decision Tool (AEDT)

Legal Definition: "Any computational process, derived from machine learning, statistical modeling, data analytics, or artificial intelligence, that issues simplified output, including a score, classification, or recommendation, that is used to substantially assist or replace discretionary decision making for making employment decisions."

Citation: NYC Admin. Code § 20-870

In Plain English: Software that uses AI/algorithms to help make hiring or promotion decisions by giving scores, rankings, or recommendations.

✅ What COUNTS:
  • • Resume screening software
  • • Video interview AI
  • • Personality test software
  • • Skills assessment tools
  • • Chatbot screeners
  • • Game-based assessments
❌ What DOESN'T:
  • • Junk email filters
  • • Spell-checkers
  • • Spreadsheets/databases
  • • Basic ATS systems
  • • Calendaring tools

Bias Audit

Legal Definition: "An impartial evaluation by an independent auditor of an automated employment decision tool's disparate impact on persons of any component 1 category required to be reported."

Citation: NYC Admin. Code § 20-870(b)

In Plain English: An independent third party tests your AI for bias against different demographic groups (sex and race/ethnicity).

Three Core Requirements

1

Annual Bias Audit

Citation: NYC Admin. Code § 20-871

  • Must be conducted by independent auditor
  • Test for bias by sex (male/female)
  • Test for bias by race/ethnicity (7 categories)
  • Calculate selection rates for each group
  • Apply 4/5ths rule to identify disparate impact
  • Repeat annually
2

Public Disclosure

Citation: NYC Admin. Code § 20-872(b)

  • Post audit results on publicly accessible website
  • Include selection rates by demographic category
  • Include impact ratios (4/5ths rule results)
  • Include date of audit
  • Keep posted for at least 6 months after last use
3

Candidate Notification

Citation: NYC Admin. Code § 20-872(a)

  • Notify candidates at least 10 business days before using AEDT
  • Explain what job qualifications the AEDT will assess
  • Provide link to audit results
  • Offer alternative selection process or reasonable accommodation

Need Help with NYC LL144 Compliance?

Our platform provides automated bias audits, compliance reporting, and ongoing monitoring to ensure your AEDT systems meet NYC requirements.

How to Cite This Guide

HAIEC. (2026). NYC Local Law 144: Complete Legal Breakdown with Citations. Retrieved from https://haiec.com/compliance/nyc-ll144/legal-guide

This guide is maintained by HAIEC's legal compliance team and updated regularly to reflect the latest DCWP guidance. Last updated: February 2026.